Certified in Public Health (CPH) Practice Exam

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What is the focus of the Health Impact Assessment process?

To determine environmental and social impacts
To assess health impacts of policies or programs
To evaluate economic changes over time
To examine cultural influences on health

The correct answer is: To assess health impacts of policies or programs

The Health Impact Assessment (HIA) process is primarily focused on evaluating the potential health effects of policies, programs, or projects before they are implemented. This framework helps decision-makers understand how proposed actions may influence the health of individuals and communities, ensuring that health considerations are incorporated into broader decision-making processes. Through HIA, stakeholders can identify and analyze health risks and benefits, as well as recommend strategies to mitigate negative impacts or enhance positive outcomes. This proactive approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the health implications tied to various initiatives, promoting improved public health outcomes. While the other options touch on relevant aspects of public health—such as environmental impacts, economic changes, and cultural influences—they do not capture the primary aim of HIA, which is to specifically assess how proposed policies or programs will affect health outcomes. Hence, the emphasis on health impacts uniquely characterizes the HIA process.