Certified in Public Health (CPH) Practice Exam

What is the primary focus of the trait approach in leadership?

1. Behavioral approach

2. Style approach

3. Trait approach

4. Transformational approach

The correct answer is: Trait approach

The primary focus of the trait approach in leadership is on the inherent qualities and characteristics that distinguish effective leaders from non-leaders. This approach emphasizes the idea that certain traits—such as intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability—are associated with successful leadership. Researchers who advocate for the trait approach aim to identify these specific traits and analyze how they can predict leadership success. This approach operates under the assumption that individuals are born with certain characteristics that are indicative of leadership potential. By studying leaders and their attributes, the trait approach seeks to develop a framework for understanding what makes an effective leader, which can guide both selection and development in leadership roles. In contrast, the behavioral approach focuses on what leaders do, or their actions and behaviors, rather than the traits they possess. The style approach emphasizes the manner in which leaders interact with followers and make decisions, while the transformational approach revolves around leaders who inspire and motivate followers to achieve higher levels of performance and to foster change. Each of these approaches serves a different purpose in leadership studies, but the trait approach distinctly centers on identifying the core personal characteristics that contribute to effective leadership.